Know About India :

INDIA is one of the oldest civilisations in the world with a kaleidoscopic variety and rich cultural heritage. It has achieved multifaceted socio-economic progress during the last 59 years of its Independence. India has become self-sufficient in agricultural production, and is now the tenth industrialised country in the world and the sixth nation to have gone into outer space to conquer nature for the benefit of the people. It covers an area of 32,87,263 sq. km, extending from the snow-covered Himalayan heights to the tropical rain forests of the south. As the seventh largest country in the world, India stands apart from the rest of Asia, marked off as it is by mountains and the sea, which give the country a distinct geographical entity. Bounded by the Great Himalayas in the north, it stretches southwards and at the Tropic of Cancer, tapers off into the Indian Ocean between the Bay of Bengal on the east and the Arabian Sea on the west.

Location
The Indian peninsula is separated from mainland Asia by the Himalayas. The Country is surrounded by the Bay of Bengal in the east, the Arabian Sea in the west, and the Indian Ocean to the south.

Geographic Coordinates
Lying entirely in the Northern Hemisphere, the Country extends between 8° 4' and 37° 6' latitudes north of the Equator, and 68° 7' and 97° 25' longitudes east of it.

Indian Standard Time
GMT + 05:30

Area
3.3 Million sq. km

Telephone Country Code
+91

Country Name
Bharat Ganrajya (Hindi);    Republic of India (English).

Government Type
Sovereign Socialist Democratic Republic with a Parliamentary system of Government.

Capital
New Delhi

Currency
Indian Rupee (INR)

Financial Year
1 April - 31 March

Voting Age
18 years and above

Motto
Satyameva Jayate (Truth Alone Triumphs)

Administrative Divisions
28 States and 7 Union Territories Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh , Assam, Bihar, Chandigarh, Chhattisgarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu, Delhi, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh , Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Lakshadweep, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Orissa, Puducherry, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh , Uttarakhand, West Bengal.

Independence
15 th August 1947 (From the British Colonial Rule)

Constitution
The Constitution of India came into force on 26 th January 1950.

Legal System
The Constitution of India is the fountain source of the legal system in the Country.

Executive Branch
The President of India is the Head of the State, while the Prime Minister is the Head of the Government, and runs office with the support of the Council of Ministers who form the Cabinet Ministry.

Legislative Branch
The Indian Legislature comprises of the Lok Sabha (House of the People) and the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) forming both the Houses of the Parliament.

Judicial Branch
The Supreme Court of India is the apex body of the Indian legal system, followed by other High Courts and subordinate Courts.

Flag Description
The National Flag is a horizontal tricolour of deep saffron (kesaria) at the top, white in the middle, and dark green at the bottom in equal proportion. At the centre of the white band is a navy blue wheel, which is a representation of the Ashoka Chakra at Sarnath.

National Days
26 th January (Republic Day)
15 th August (Independence Day)
2 nd October (Gandhi Jayanti; Mahatma Gandhi's Birthday)

Religions
According to the 2001 census, out of the total population of 1.028 million in the Country, Hindus constituted the majority with 80.5%, Muslims came second at 13.4%, followed by Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, and others.

Languages
There are 22 National Languages have been recognized by the Constitution of India, of which Hindi is the Official Union Language. Besides these, there are 844 different dialects that are practiced in various parts of the Country.

Ethnic Groups
All the five major racial types - Australoid, Mongoloid, Europoid, Caucasian, and Negroid find representation among the people of India.

Religions
According to the 2001 census, out of the total population of 1.028 million in the Country, Hindus constituted the majority with 80.5%, Muslims came second at 13.4%, followed by Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, and others.

Major Political Parties
Bahujan Samaj Party or BSP; Bharatiya Janata Party or BJP; Biju Janata Dal or BJD; Communist Party of India or CPI; Communist Party of India-Marxist or CPI-M; Dravida Munnetra Kazagham or DMK; Indian National Congress or INC; Janata Dal (United) or JD(U); Jharkhand Mukti Morcha or JMM; Lok Jan Shakti Party or LJSP ; Nationalist Congress Party or NCP ; Pattali Makkal Katchi or PMK ; Rashtriya Janata Dal or RJD ; Samajwadi Party or SP ; Shiromani Akali Dal or SAD ; Shiv Sena.

 

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